Introduction
The term software engineering is composed of two words, software and engineering.Software is more than just a program code. A program is an executable code, which serves some computational purpose. Software is considered to be a collection of executable programming code, associated libraries and documentations. Software, when made for a specific requirement is called software product.
Need of Software Engineering
The need of software engineering arises because of higher rate of change in user requirements and environment on which the software is working.
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- Large software - It is easier to build a wall than to a house or building, likewise, as the size of software become large engineering has to step to give it a scientific process.
- Scalability - If the software process were not based on scientific and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new software than to scale an existing one.
- Cost - As hardware industry has shown its skills and huge manufacturing has lower down the price of computer and electronic hardware. But the cost of software remains high if proper process is not adapted.
- Dynamic Nature -The always growing and adapting nature of software hugely depends upon the environment in which the user works. If the nature of software is always changing, new enhancements need to be done in the existing one. This is where software engineering plays a good role.
- Quality -Better process of software development provides better and quality software product
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A software product can be judged by what it offers and how well it can be used. This software must satisfy on the following grounds:
- Operational
- Transitional
- Maintenance
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Operational
This tells us how well software works in operations. It can be measured on:
- Budget
- Uasability
- Efficiency
- Correctness
- Functionality
- Dependability
- Security
- Safety
This aspect is important when the software is moved from one platform to another:
- Portability
- Interoperability
- Reusability
- Adaptability
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This aspect briefs about how well a software has the capabilities to maintain itself in the ever-changing environment:
- Modularity
- Maintainability
- Flexibility
- Scalability
Software Development Life Cycle(SDLC)
The Software Development Lifecycle is a systematic process for building software that ensures the quality and correctness of the software built. SDLC process aims to produce high-quality software which meets customer expectations. SDLC consists of a detailed plan which explains how to plan, build, and maintain specific software.
The entire SDLC process divided into the following stages:
- Phase 1: Requirement analysis
- Phase 2: DEsign
- Phase 3: Coding
- Phase 4: Testing
- Phase 5: Deployment
- Phase 6: Maintenance
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- Waterfall model
- Incremental Approach
- V-Model
- Agile Model
- Spiral Model
- Big bang model
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